Class X Social Science (CBSE 2025-2026)






HISTORY (India and the Contemporary World – II)

1. The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

French Revolution and Nationalism

Unification of Italy and Germany

Role of Bismarck, Mazzini, and Cavour

Balkan nationalism and its consequences



2. Nationalism in India

Causes of the National Movement

Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience Movements

Role of Mahatma Gandhi and other leaders

Simon Commission, Salt March, and Quit India Movement



3. The Making of a Global World

The impact of colonialism and trade

Industrial Revolution and its effects on India

Economic impact of the two World Wars

Globalization and its effects



4. The Age of Industrialization

Proto-industrialization and factory production

Industrialization in Britain and India

Growth of cotton and jute industries in India

Effects of industrialization on workers and society



5. Print Culture and the Modern World

Evolution of printing technology in Europe and India

Role of print in social reforms and nationalism

Censorship and colonial policies

GEOGRAPHY (Contemporary India – II)



6. Resources and Development

Types of resources (Renewable and Non-renewable)

Conservation and Sustainable Development

Land use and soil conservation



7. Forest and Wildlife Resources

Importance of biodiversity

Conservation of forests and wildlife

Government policies and movements like Chipko



8. Water Resources

Multipurpose projects and their impact

Water conservation methods (rainwater harvesting)



9. Agriculture

Types of farming in India

Major crops (Wheat, Rice, Sugarcane, etc.)

Issues faced by Indian farmers



10. Minerals and Energy Resources



Types of minerals and their distribution

Conventional vs. Non-conventional energy sources


11. Manufacturing Industries



Major industries (Iron, Steel, Cotton, IT, etc.)

Industrial pollution and its control


12. Lifelines of National Economy



Importance of transport (Roadways, Railways, Airways, Waterways)

Role of trade and globalization

POLITICAL SCIENCE (Democratic Politics – II)


13. Power Sharing



Case studies of Belgium and Sri Lanka

Forms of power sharing in democracy


14. Federalism



Difference between unitary and federal systems

Distribution of powers in India (Union, State, and Local Governments)


15. Democracy and Diversity



Social divisions and their impact on politics

Case studies of communalism and casteism


16. Gender, Religion, and Caste



Role of gender and caste in politics

Communalism and secularism in India


17. Popular Struggles and Movements



Role of pressure groups and movements

Case studies of Nepal and Bolivia


18. Political Parties



Major national and regional parties in India

Functions and challenges of political parties


19. Outcomes of Democracy



How democracy promotes economic and social development

Role of democratic institutions


20. Challenges to Democracy



Common challenges faced by democracies

Steps to improve democracy





ECONOMICS (Understanding Economic Development)

21. Development



Indicators of development (Per Capita Income, HDI)

Sustainable Development Goals


22. Sectors of the Indian Economy



Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Sectors

Role of the Public and Private Sectors


23. Money and Credit



Functions of money

Role of banks and financial institutions


24. Globalization and the Indian Economy

  • Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization
  • Role of multinational corporations




25. Consumer Rights



  • Consumer Protection Act (COPRA)
  • Role of consumer awareness and organizations

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